DISEASES OF THE NEWBORN

This includes the principles of diseases which occur during the first month of life in animals born alive at term.
1)Prenatal disease:
Fetal diseases: Diseases of the fetus during intrauterine life, e.g. prolonged gestation, congenital defects, abortion, fetal deaths with resorption or mummification.
2) Parturient diseases:
diseases associated with dystokia causing cerebral anoxia, injuries of skeleton and soft tissues.
3) Postnatal diseases:
(A) Early postnatal diseases: within 48 hours e.g. malnutrition due to poor mothering, hypothermia due to exposure to cold, low vigor in neonates due to malnutrition, special disease (Navil ill and Collibacillosis).
(B) delayed postnatal diseases: within 2 -7 days after parturition e.g. mammary incompetence resulting in starvation, increased susceptibility to infection due to hypoglobulinemia such as lamb dysentery, colibacillosis and foal septicemia.
(C) late postnatal disease: within 1 - 4 week of life e.g. white muscle disease, enetrotoxemia.In summary, the causes of mortality in newborn lambs are largely physical and environmental and occur immediately at birth or shortly thereafter.In calves, the major causes of mortality are with dystokia and with neonatal diarrhea in postnatal life. Meanwhile, lambs are susceptible to physical and environmental influences.